Aminet 6/Aminet 6 - June 1995.iso/Aminet/docs/misc/wfbook93_texi.lha/texi/226.data

Text File | 1995-03-27 | 4.7 KB | 225 lines

@node Header (Svalbard)
@section Header (Svalbard)

@display

Affiliation:
  (territory of Norway)



@end display

@node Geography (Svalbard)
@section Geography (Svalbard)

@display

Location:
  in the Arctic Ocean where the Arctic Ocean, Barents Sea, Greenland Sea, and
  Norwegian Sea meet, 445 km north of Norway
Map references:
  Arctic Region, Asia, Standard Time Zones of the World
Area:
 total area:
  62,049 km2
 land area:
  62,049 km2
 comparative area:
  slightly smaller than West Virginia
 note:
  includes Spitsbergen and Bjornoya (Bear Island)
Land boundaries:
  0 km
Coastline:
  3,587 km
Maritime claims:
 exclusive fishing zone:
  200 nm unilaterally claimed by Norway but not recognized by Russia
 territorial sea:
  4 nm
International disputes:
  focus of maritime boundary dispute in the Barents Sea between Norway and
  Russia
Climate:
  arctic, tempered by warm North Atlantic Current; cool summers, cold winters;
  North Atlantic Current flows along west and north coasts of Spitsbergen,
  keeping water open and navigable most of the year
Terrain:
  wild, rugged mountains; much of high land ice covered; west coast clear of
  ice about half the year; fjords along west and north coasts
Natural resources:
  coal, copper, iron ore, phosphate, zinc, wildlife, fish
Land use:
 arable land:
  0%
 permanent crops:
  0%
 meadows and pastures:
  0%
 forest and woodland:
  0%
 other:
  100% (no trees and the only bushes are crowberry and cloudberry)
Irrigated land:
  NA km2
Environment:
  great calving glaciers descend to the sea
Note:
  northernmost part of the Kingdom of Norway; consists of nine main islands;
  glaciers and snowfields cover 60% of the total area



@end display

@node People (Svalbard)
@section People (Svalbard)

@display

Population:   3,209 (July 1993 est.)
Population growth rate:
  -2.84% (1993 est.)
Birth rate:
  NA births/1,000 population
Death rate:
  NA deaths/1,000 population
Net migration rate:
  NA migrant(s)/1,000 population
Infant mortality rate:
  NA deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth:
 total population:
  NA years
 male:
  NA years
 female:
  NA years
Total fertility rate:
  NA children born/woman
Ethnic divisions:
  Russian 64%, Norwegian 35%, other 1% (1981)
Languages:
  Russian, Norwegian
Literacy:
 total population:
  NA%
 male:
  NA%
 female:
  NA%
Labor force:
  NA



@end display

@node Government (Svalbard)
@section Government (Svalbard)

@display

Names:
 conventional long form:
  none
 conventional short form:
  Svalbard
Digraph:
  SV
Type:
  territory of Norway administered by the Ministry of Industry, Oslo, through
  a governor (sysselmann) residing in Longyearbyen, Spitsbergen; by treaty (9
  February 1920) sovereignty was given to Norway
Capital:
  Longyearbyen
Independence:
  none (territory of Norway)
Legal system:
  NA
National holiday:   NA
Leaders:
 Chief of State:
  King HARALD V (since 17 January 1991)
 Head of Government:
  Governor (vacant)
Member of:
  none
Flag:
  the flag of Norway is used



@end display

@node Economy (Svalbard)
@section Economy (Svalbard)

@display

Overview:
  Coal mining is the major economic activity on Svalbard. By treaty (9
  February 1920), the nationals of the treaty powers have equal rights to
  exploit mineral deposits, subject to Norwegian regulation. Although US, UK,
  Dutch, and Swedish coal companies have mined in the past, the only companies
  still mining are Norwegian and Russian. The settlements on Svalbard are
  essentially company towns. The Norwegian state-owned coal company employs
  nearly 60% of the Norwegian population on the island, runs many of the local
  services, and provides most of the local infrastructure. There is also some
  trapping of seal, polar bear, fox, and walrus.
Budget:
  revenues $13.3 million; expenditures $13.3 million, including capital
  expenditures of $NA (1990)
Electricity:
  21,000 kW capacity; 45 million kWh produced, 13,860 kWh per capita (1992)
Currency:
  1 Norwegian krone (NKr) = 100 ore
Exchange rates:
  Norwegian kroner (NKr) per US$1 - 6.8774 (January 1993), 6.2145 (1992),
  6.4829 (1991), 6.2597 (1990), 6.9045 (1989), 6.5170 (1988)



@end display

@node Communications (Svalbard)
@section Communications (Svalbard)

@display

Ports:
  limited facilities - Ny-Alesund, Advent Bay
Airports:
 total:
  4
 usable:
  4
 with permanent-surface runways:
  1
 with runways over 3,659 m:
  0
 with runways 2,440-3,659 m:
  0
 with runways 1,220-2,439 m:
  1
Telecommunications:   5 meteorological/radio stations; local telephone service; broadcast stations
  - 1 AM, 1 (2 repeaters) FM, 1 TV; satellite communication with Norwegian
  mainland



@end display

@node Defense Forces (Svalbard)
@section Defense Forces (Svalbard)

@display

Note:
  demilitarized by treaty (9 February 1920)



@end display